Management
Information Systems
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
–
Support operation
–
Management and control
–
Routine, normal operations
Management Information Systems (MIS)
–
Provide decision-making support for routine,
structured decisions
–
Closely linked to and fed by TPS
–
Terminology
Confusion
–
MIS = the
study of information technology in business settings
–
But, MIS
is also term to refer to class of systems used to support operational and
tactical decisionmaking
A Model for Problem
Solving
•
Decision
Making Phase
–
Intelligence
gathering
–
Design
–
Choice
•
Implementation
•
Monitoring
Decision Making
•
A step in
problem solving
•
Intelligence
gathering
–
Definition
of problem
–
Data
gathered on scope
–
Constraints
identified
•
Design
phase
–
Alternatives
identified and assessed
•
Choice
–
Selection
of an alternative
Structured vs.
Unstructured Problems
•
Structured
problems lend themselves to programmed decisions
–
The
implication is that a repeatable process can be employed and these can be automated
•
Unstructured
problems require unprogrammed decisions
Unstructured Problems
•
Can be
addressed (or partially addressed) with Decision Support Systems
Goals of an MIS
•
Provide
managers with information
•
Regular,
routine operations
•
Control,
organize and plan better
Typical Inputs and
Outputs
•
Inputs: Information from the TPS
•
Outputs:
hard and softcopy reports
–
Scheduled
reports
–
On-demand
reports
–
Key-indicator
(business fundamentals)
–
Exception
reports
Functional
Perspectives of MIS
•
Financial
MIS
–
Will
integrate information from multiple sources
–
Functions
•
Costing
•
P&L
reporting
•
Auditing
•
Funds
management
Decision Support
Systems
•
Used for
unstructured problems
•
Characteristics
–
Data from
multiple sources internal and external to organization
–
Presentation
flexibility
–
Simulation
and what-if capability
–
Support
for multiple decision approaches
–
Statistical
analysis
Components of a DSS
•
Model
management software
–
Provides
a variety of solution models
•
Financial,
statistical, graphical, project management
•
Dialogue
Manager
–
Allows
user interaction with DSS